21691-50-9 L-Ala-Otbu

Emere ya site na mmeghachi omume esterization nke inorganic acid ma ọ bụ organic acid ma ọ bụ mmanya.Mmanya na-aba n'anya ma ọ bụ phenol ma ọ bụ acidic anhydride, mmanya na ethylene, free acidic acid na fatty nitrogen ester nwekwara ike ịmepụta ester.Mmiri hydrogen dị na alfa-carbon dị na mkpụrụ ndụ ester na-atụfu mmanya molekul na ester molecular ọzọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline iji mepụta β-keto ester, nke a na-akpọ mmeghachi omume ester.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-emepụta acetyl acetate iji mepụta acetyl ethyl acetate.Mmeghachi omume a dị oke mkpa na njikọ organic.
Aha ester sitere na aha carboxylic acid na mmanya ma ọ bụ phenol, dị ka "ụfọdụ acid na ụfọdụ ester".A na-akpọ esters gburugburu lactone (lactone).Ngwakọta kemịkalụ nke ester yiri amyl niche anhydride, nke na-enwekarị mmeghachi omume hydrolysis, mmanya na amonia.Ester dị ala bụ mmiri mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ na enweghị agba, yana ester dị elu siri ike.Estes bụ ihe mgbaze dị mkpa na akụrụngwa sịntetik, ụfọdụ esters bụkwa ọgwụ n'onwe ha.Dị ka ụdị acid si dị, ester nwere ike kewaa n'ime inorganic acid ester na organic acid ester.Etate, ethyl acetate bụ abụba ester, acetate bụ ester aromatic, na namanonate bụ ester cyclic.
Ester bụ mmiri mmiri na-enweghị agba na-anọpụ iche.Ester nke agbụrụ abụba na mmanya juru eju na-emepụta nwere ísì ụtọ nke mkpụrụ osisi, nke nwere ike ịgbaze na mmiri, ọ na-esikwa ike igbari na mmiri.Ụfọdụ ebe ọkụ ester dị ala ma na-erekarị ọkụ.Uzuoku nwere ike itinye uche na traktị iku ume, na ester mmiri mmiri nwere ike ịmịnye anụ ahụ.Mgbe mmịnye ahụ gasịrị, a na-agbaze ya na plasma, ma na-esi na ngụgụ na akụrụ na-agbapụta ụfọdụ n'ime ha.Mgbe ụfọdụ hydrolysis, gbanwee n'ime usoro metabolic nkịtị.Na mgbakwunye na ole na ole n'ime ogige ester, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-egbu egbu ma na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu, na ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ micro-toxic na-egbu egbu na-egbu egbu, na ọtụtụ n'ime ha adịghị egbu egbu.Enwere esters 38 na otu esi ísì ụtọ.Isi: ① fatty ester: nke mmanya na abụba na-emepụta, dị ka ethyl acetate, hexyl hexyate.② Ester aromatic: mmanya na-aba n'anya na-emepụta, dị ka Shun-3-hexylzyl.③ Circin esters: mmanya na cyclocar na-emepụta, dị ka jasmone hyacxide.Ester bụ n'ozuzu na-anọpụ iche, nke nwere ike hydrolyzed na-emepụta mmanya na acid.Ọnụ ọgụgụ carbon dị ala na-abụkarị mmiri mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ carbon dị elu bụ mmiri mmiri na ihe siri ike na-adịghị edozi na mmiri.